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Development of a Scale to Measure the Effectiveness of Marine Science Learning for Primary School Students
Chia-Dai (Ray) Yen 1,2, Wen-Yi Lee 3, Tsuyoshi Sasaki 4 and Yasuyuki Kosaka 5
1 Graduate Institute of Education, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan
2 Planning and Training Center, National Academy of Marine Research. Kaohsiung, Taiwan
3 Keelung Municipal Hsin Yi Elementary School, Keelung, Taiwan
4 Department of Marine Policy and Culture, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
5 Department Marine Science, Wakasa High School, Fukui Prefectural, Japan
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Abstract:
This study aims to develop a comprehensive marine science learning effectiveness scale to measure attitudes and skills related to ocean literacy and evaluate marine science learning activities. It utilizes data from the National Science Week-Ocean Fun Learning Activity and employs the Grounded Theory process to extract concepts through interviews with students, curriculum designers, and education experts. The validity of the questionnaire was established through a pilot study using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The resulting marine science learning effectiveness scale consists of eight subscales and 29 questions. The research findings were utilized to construct a marine science learning effectiveness scale, consisting of eight subscales: "ocean science," "ocean influence," "marine ecology," "marine resources management," "ocean stewardship," "marine awareness," "education promotion," and "problem solving." The scale comprises a total of 29 questions. In the future, this scale can be applied as a criterion for evaluating the effectiveness of various marine science activities and to accumulate achievements in marine science education.
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Keywords: Marine science learning effectiveness, scale development, Grounded Theory, Delphi, ocean literacy.
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*Corresponding author; e-mail: hamrater@msn.com
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©
2023
Marine Research , ISSN 2709-6629
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