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Development of a Scale to Measure the Effectiveness of Marine Science Learning for Primary School Students
Chia-Dai (Ray) Yen 1, Wen-Yi Lee 2, Tsuyoshi Sasaki 3 and Yasuyuki Kosaka 4
1Graduate Institute of Education, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan; Planning and Training Center, National Academy of Marine Research. Kaohsiung, Taiwan
2Keelung Municipal Hsin Yi Elementary School, Keelung, Taiwan
3Department of Marine Policy and Culture, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
4Department Marine Science, Wakasa High School, Fukui Prefectural, Japan
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Abstract:
This study aims to develop a comprehensive marine science learning effectiveness scale to measure attitudes and skills related to ocean literacy and evaluate marine science learning activities. It utilizes data from the National Science Week-Ocean Fun Learning Activity and employs the Grounded Theory process to extract concepts through interviews with students, curriculum designers, and education experts. The validity of the questionnaire was established through a pilot study using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The resulting marine science learning effectiveness scale consists of eight subscales and 29 questions. The research findings were utilized to construct a marine science learning effectiveness scale, consisting of eight subscales: "ocean science," "ocean influence," "marine ecology," "marine resources management," "ocean stewardship," "marine awareness," "education promotion," and "problem solving." The scale comprises a total of 29 questions. In the future, this scale can be applied as a criterion for evaluating the effectiveness of various marine science activities and to accumulate achievements in marine science education.
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Keywords: Marine science learning effectiveness, scale development, Grounded Theory, Delphi, ocean literacy.
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*Corresponding author; e-mail: hamrater@msn.com
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©
2023
Marine Research , ISSN 2709-6629
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